Psychology of Tendering Fraud Business Articles | December 10 Hendrik Bonmann Jersey , 2009
There is no single reason behind tendering fraud. Any explanation of it need to take account of various factors. However three most important factors which leads to fraud
Trilogy of fraud
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There is no single reason behind procurement fraud. Any explanation of it need to take account of various factors. However three most important factors which leads to fraud are
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The perceived suitability of targets for fraud.
The incapability of potential offenders.
(Government agencies) to look after their interests.
The motivation of potential offenders.
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Fraudsters Perspective
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Looking at the same issue from the fraudster?s perspective, it is necessary to take account of:
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Motivation Includes
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Motivation (including the conditions under which people can rationalize their prospective crimes as ?necessary? ?especially when done for the contracting firm ??harmless? ? because the victim (Government) is large enough to absorb the impact or even ?justified? because ?the victim deserved this ?because I was mistreated?.
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Opportunity
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Opportunities to commit crime(s) (which may include the existence of national and international social networks, and transferable criminal skills)
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Technical ability
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This may include skills to carry out fraud i.e. Bid rigging or collusive tendering Gonzalo Castro Jersey ,
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Risk Calculation
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The expected risks are often different then the actual consequences after the fraud has been carried out.
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Consequences of discovery
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Expectations of consequences of discovery, including non-penal consequences such as job less and family stigma, proceeds of crime confiscation and traditional criminal sections. (That fraud will not be disclosed often expecting).
Regulatory Affairs Outsourcing Market Segment Forecast up to 2023 Health Articles | August 2 Felix Passlack Jersey , 2016 In the highly fragmented market for regulatory affairs outsourcing, a very small number of large players have been able to acquire dominant share in the past few years. The top seven companies in the ...
In the highly fragmented market for regulatory affairs outsourcing, a very small number of large players have been able to acquire dominant share in the past few years. The top seven companies in the market Erik Durm Jersey , including Quintiles Transnational Holdings, Inc., Pharmaceutical Product Development (PPD) Emre Mor Jersey , LLC, ICON plc, and PAREXEL International Corporation had a combined share of 55% in the global market in 2014. The presence of a large number of small- and medium-size companies in the market grants high bargaining power to buyersclients. The intense competitive rivalry in the market has increased the number of options to choose from for clients in terms of product differentiation and price.
The scenario calls for regulatory affairs service providers to excel on the metrics of timeliness and quality. As health authorities and compliance agencies now accept electronic submissions Dzenis Burnic Jersey , technological advancements will also play a crucial role for regulatory affairs service providers in gaining a competitive edge, states a recent report by TMR.
Cost-efficient Outsource Activities Appeal Companies to Shift from Expensive In-house Regulatory Maintenance
聽As the medical industry witnesses an increased rate of product innovations from companies wanting to make a mark in the intensely competitive market, investments on R&D activities are skyrocketing. Cost pressures and intense competition in the global market are pushing companies in finding ways of containing costs incurred during the process of undertaking a variety of regulatory operations and practices central to the life sciences industry. Outsourcing Dominik Reimann Jersey , being a cost- and resource-efficient way of cutting costs incurred during the management of the vast data generated during activities such as clinical trials, approvals, and patent approvals Dan-Axel Zagadou Jersey , is being increasingly preferred by companies in comparison to in-house data management.
聽Diverse Regulations Encourage Global Companies to Prefer On-the-ground Expertise
聽In addition, the presence of strict regulatory framework governing every aspect of development and marketing of medical drugs and devices require that the regulatory documents be in line with defined writing guidelines. This factor has also led to the increased preference for professional service providers focused primarily on handling data related to regulatory affairs, driving the increased need for reliable regulatory affairs outsourcing service providers.
As life sciences companies look forward to spread their business network across the globe Christian Pulisic Jersey , the implications and challenges of managing the diverse and constantly changing local, regional, and national regulations can be overwhelming without on the ground expertise. In this situation Blank Jersey , outsourcing regulatory affairs to service providers with a successful global footprint will be the most preferred solution.
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